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Stress distribution following face mask application using different finite element models according to Hounsfield unit values in CT images

Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2006³â 36±Ç 6È£ p.412 ~ 421
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Á¤µ¿È­ ( Jung Dong-Hwa ) - ´Ü±¹´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±³Á¤Çб³½Ç

Abstract

À¯ÇÑ¿ä¼ÒºÐ¼®ÀÇ °á°ú´Â Ç¥ÇöµÈ ¹°¼º°ú ±¸Á¶, À¯ÇÑ¿ä¼ÒÀÇ ¹Ðµµ, ±×¸®°í °æ°è ¹× ÇÏÁßÁ¶°Ç¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. »ó¾Ç°ßÀÎÀåÄ¡ÀÇ »ç¿ë¿¡ ÀÖ¾î »ó¾ÇÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦ ±¸Á¶¿Í ¹Ðµµ¸¦ ¹°¼ºÀ¸·Î ¹Ý¿µÇÏ¿© »õ·ÎÀÌ °³¼±µÈ À¯ÇÑ¿ä¼Ò ¸ðÅÚ°ú ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ¹æ½ÄÀ» µû¸¥ À¯ÇÑ¿ä¼Ò ¸ðµ¨À» ºñ±³ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ ´ë»óÀÌ µÈ ȯÀÚ´Â 13¼¼ 6°³¿ùµÈ ³²ÀÚ È¯ÀÚ¿´À¸¸ç Àü»êÈ­´ÜÃþ»çÁø ÃÔ¿µÀ¸·Î ¾òÀº DICOM ¿µ»óÁ¤º¸¸¦ °³Àοë ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ·Î ¿Å±ä ÈÄ 3Â÷¿ø ¿µ»óÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© 3Â÷¿ø ÀÔü¿µ»óÀ» Á¦ÀÛÇÏ¿´´Ù. CT»ó¿¡¼­ Gray scaleÀ» Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â ¼öÄ¡ÀÎ Hounsfield unit (HU)°ªÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© 24´Ü°èÀÇ ¹°¼ºÀ» °¡Áø ¸ðµ¨(¸ðµ¨1)°ú °íÀüÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ý¿¡ µû¶ó 2°¡ÁöÀÇ ¹°¼º¸¸À» °¡Áø ¸ðµ¨(¸ðµ¨2)À» ±¸¼ºÇÏ¿´´Ù. FH planeÇϹæ $45^{\circ}$ ¹æÇâ¿¡¼­ 500gÀÇ ÈûÀ¸·Î °ßÀÎÇÏ¿© ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °á·ÐÀ» ¾ò¾ú´Ù. °ü°ñÇÏ ´É¼± ÈĹ濡 ÀÖ´Â »ó¾Ç°ñÀÇ ºÎÀ§´Â Àü¹æºÎº¸´Ù ´õ ³Ð°í, ³·Àº ¹Ðµµ¸¦ °¡Áø Çظé°ñ·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ °°Àº °ßÀηÂÀ» Àû¿ëÇÏ¿´À½¿¡µµ 24°³ÀÇ ¹°¼ºÀ» °¡Áø ¸ðµ¨1ÀÇ Á¦1¼Ò±¸Ä¡°¡ ¸ðµ¨2ÀÇ Á¦1¼Ò±¸Ä¡º¸´Ù Àü¹æ°ú ÇϹæÀ¸·ÎÀÇ ´õ ¸¹Àº À̵¿ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇß´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀÀ¸·Î, »ó¾Ç°ñÀº ½Ã»ó¸é°ú ÀüµÎ¸é»ó¿¡¼­ ÈÖ¾îÁ³°í, ¼Ò±¸Ä¡¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ Àü¹æºÎÀ§ÀÇ »ó¾Ç°ñÀÌ ¾Æ·¡ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. °íÀüÀûÀÎ ¹æ¹ýÀÇ 2°³ÀÇ ¹°¼ºÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ¸ðµ¨ÀÇ °æ¿ì, Á¦1¼Ò±¸Ä¡ °ñ ÁÖÀ§¿¡¼­ÀÇ ÀüÇϹæ À̵¿ÀÌ ÀÛ°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µÀ¸¸ç »ó¾Ç°áÀý ºÎÀ§¿¡¼­´Â »ó¹æÀ¸·ÎÀÇ À̵¿¾ç»óÀ» º¸¿© °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ ¸ðµ¨¿¡¼­´Â »ó¾Ç Á¦1´ë±¸Ä¡ÀÇ Àü¹æÀ» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ½Ã°è¹æÇâÀÇ È¸ÀüÀ» º¸¿© ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ¹°¼º ÁöÁ¤ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó À¯ÇÑ ¿ä¼ÒºÐ¼®ÀÇ °á°ú¿¡ Â÷À̸¦ º¸¿´À¸¸ç HU °ªÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇßÀ» ¶§ Á» ´õ ¿ªÇÐÀû ±¸Á¶°¡ Àß Ç¥ÇöÇØ ³»¸®¶ó °í·ÁµÈ´Ù.

The result of finite element analysis depends on material properties, structural expression, density of element, and boundar or loading conditions. To represent proper elastic behavior, a finite element model was made using Hounsfield unit (HU) values in CT images.

Method: A 13 year 6 month old male was used as the subject. A 3 dimensional visualizing program, Mimics, was used to build a 3D object from the DICOM file which was acquired from the CT images. Model 1 was established by giving 24 material properties according to HU. Model 2 was constructed by the conventional method which provides 2 material properties. Protraction force of 500g was applied at a 45 degree downward angle from Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane.

Results: Model 1 showed a more flexible response on the first premolar region which had more forward and downward movement of the maxillary anterior segment. Maxilla was bent on the sagittal plane and frontal plane. Model 2 revealed less movement in all directions. It moved downward on the anterior part and upward on the posterior part, which is clockwise rotation of the maxilla.

Conclusions: These results signify that different outcomes of finite element analysis can occur according to the given material properties and it is recommended to use HU values for more accurate results.

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»ó¾Ç°ßÀÎÀåÄ¡;À¯ÇÑ¿ä¼ÒºÐ¼®
Hounsfield unit°ª;Face mask;Finite element method;CT;Hounsfield unit value

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